The History of Cleator Moor

A brief history of Cleator & Cleator Moor

 🏞️ Early Origins

Cleator’s roots can be traced back to Roman and even earlier times. Archaeological finds, including remnants of Roman roads and artifacts, suggest a long history of settlement in the area. The name “Cleator” is thought to derive from Old English, possibly meaning “a clear river” or "clay bank."

Historically, Cleator began as a small agricultural village situated near the River Ehen. It remained a quiet rural settlement through the medieval and early modern periods, with farming and sheep rearing as the main sources of livelihood.

🏗️ Industrial Growth and the Rise of Cleator Moor

The 19th century brought significant transformation. The Industrial Revolution marked the birth and rapid expansion of Cleator Moor, located just uphill from Cleator. As iron ore was discovered in abundance beneath the surrounding fells, the region quickly became an important mining hub. Cleator Moor emerged to house the workers of the booming iron ore industry.

Railways, including the Cleator & Workington Junction Railway, were constructed to support the transport of ore, linking the area to the wider industrial networks of Cumbria and beyond.

Ironworks, foundries, and supporting trades sprang up rapidly. The population of Cleator Moor grew swiftly in the mid-1800s, attracting people from Ireland, Scotland, and across England, especially following the Great Irish Famine.

🏠 Community and Culture

With the industrial influx came a vibrant, multicultural community. Catholic churches, Methodist chapels, and community institutions were established. St Mary’s Catholic Church in Cleator remains a focal point, especially noted for its annual pilgrimages and historic Lourdes Grotto, built by Irish immigrants.

Cleator and Cleator Moor also developed a strong tradition in sports, particularly rugby league and football. Clubs like Wath Brow Hornets and Cleator Moor Celtic F.C. are community staples with deep roots.

⛏️ Decline of Industry and Modern Era

By the 20th century, the decline of iron ore mining and related industries brought economic challenges. Many of the mines and works closed by the mid-1900s, leading to job losses and population decline.

Despite these hardships, Cleator Moor has worked hard to reinvent itself through community-led projects, business centres like the Phoenix Enterprise Centre, and efforts to preserve local heritage.

🏡 Today

Today, Cleator and Cleator Moor are proud, resilient communities that balance heritage with modern development. The towns remain closely linked—Cleator as the older, more rural village; Cleator Moor as the larger, urban centre. Together, they reflect the strength of a community forged by industry and bound by shared history.